M g + B r + B r M g B r M g B r 2 + – – 1 2 2 The product is magnesium bromide with the formula M g B r 1 2. M g 2 + and two bromine atoms will each gain 1 electron (from magnesium) to form twoī r – ions. Magnesium will lose 2 electrons to become So the product is lithium chloride with a formula of L i C l 1 1, which we can simply writeĪnother example is when magnesium in group 2 reacts with bromine in group 17. Chlorine will gain 1 electron (from lithium) and form C l –. Lithium will lose 1 electron during the reaction and form L i +. Knowing valence values helps us to understand and predict chemical formulae that involve a metal bonded to a nonmetal.įor example, when a metal in group 1, such as lithium, reacts with chlorine, a nonmetal in group 17, we can easily determine (Sometimes the elements in this group form covalent bonds with certain elements, where electrons are shared.) So, the sulfur atom gains 2 electrons to form the sulfide anion whose symbol is S 2 –. The elements in group 16 tend to gain 2 electrons when they react with other elements and form negatively charged ions withĪ charge of 2 −. What is the charge of the sulfide anion? Answer Įxample 3: Connecting the Group Number with the Charge of an Ion N o n m e t a l i o n : n u m b e r o f p r o t o n s n u m b e r o f e l e c t r o n s <. Nonmetals tend to gain electrons when they react and form negatively charged ions that have more electrons than protons:.M e t a l i o n : n u m b e r o f p r o t o n s n u m b e r o f e l e c t r o n s >. Metals tend to lose electrons when they react and form positively charged ions that have more protons than electrons:.The group that an element is in indicates the number of electrons that an atom of that element will either gain or lose when We can get information about the number of electrons lost or gained from the When an atom of an element reacts with an atom of another element, it either loses one or more electrons, or gains one or moreĮlectrons, or shares electrons with the other atom. And if there were 12 protons, it would not beĪn atom of sodium it would be an atom of magnesium. If there were 10 protons, it would not be an atom of sodium it would be an atom of neon. Only an atom of the element sodium has 11 protons in its nucleus. Of sodium or an ion of sodium there will be 11 protons in the nucleus. It does not matter whether we are discussing an atom The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is unique for each element. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element. Example 2: Recalling the Organizing Principle of the Periodic TableĪccording to which property are the elements in the modern periodic table organized left to right? AnswerĮlements are organized in the periodic table in order of increasing atomic number, from left to right.
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